5.Domain presentation

Before going into domains of IOT I would like to say about what is IOT?cropped-iot_connecting_6.png

  • IOT can  broadly be defined as a global network infrastructure, linking uniquely identified physical and virtual objects, things and devices through the intelligent objects, communication and actuation capabilities.
  • In other words, the paradigm of IOT can be described as “any-time, any-place and any-one connected.
  • IOT involves in the technology that makes things and people getting closer than the old days.

The Internet of Things can be viewed as a gigantic network consisting of networks of devices and computers connected through a series of intermediate technologies where numerous technologies such as RFIDs, barcodes, wired and wireless connections may act as enablers of this connectivity. By International Telecommunications Union (ITU), the perception of IoT was structured as four dimensions of things.

  1. Tagging Things 
    Real-time item traceability and addressability of RFIDs is what make them stand at the forefront in terms of the IoT vision. RFIDs are gaining strong support from the business community due to their maturity, low cost, and low power. RFIDs act as an electronic barcode to help in the automatic identification of anything attached.
  2. Feeling Things
    Sensors act as primary devices to collect data from the environment. Necessary data is provided via communications established between the physical and the information worlds. Recent advances in technologies make them consume less power with low cost and high efficiency.
  3. Shrinking Things
    Miniaturization and nanotechnology has provoked the ability of smaller things to interact and connect within the “things” or “smart devices”. A clear advantage is the improvement in quality of life.
  4. Thinking Things
    Embedded intelligence in devices through sensors has formed the network connection to the Internet. It can make the domestic electric appliances realizing the intelligent control.

Now going into applications of IOT, firstly I would like to say about healthcare and lifestyle.

The healthcare landscape is changing drastically and many organizations are seeking ways to make improvements amidst the evolution. To reach this new level of efficiency, accuracy and patient safety, we need real-time visibility and intelligence into their data such as patient records, specimens, medications, supply inventories, etc.

Solutions like electronic health records (EHRs) and radio frequency identification (RFID) tags have allowed healthcare staff to leverage data from patient wristbands to diagnostic test results—enhancing efficiency and accuracy. However, the actionable insight into operations and processes is what provides organizations that next level intelligence. This actionable insight is gained through a set of enabling technologies in the areas of asset management, cloud, mobile and Big Data.

From clinicians that need to identify patients, collect specimens, administer medication and monitor vital signs to pharmacists that need an accurate inventory count, with the Internet of Things, healthcare organizations can benefit from next level Intelligence.

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Now coming into risks in healthcare, they are

  • Security & Quality: There is lot of sensitive information and this information is to be handled. Data about patient’s health should be secure and in IOT lots of information is generated.
  • Interoperability: The ability of computer systems or software to exchange and make use of information. Because health conditions will vary from one person to another person.
  • Access Control: Accessing sensitive data by all the people in hospital may cause problem.

Some of this risks are solved by

  1. Tracking and monitoring: All patients shall be tracked and monitored with any wearable WSN devices at all time regarding that sensors can effectively generate health signal in an enhancement with the communication capacity.
  2. Remote service: Telemedicine and remote diagnosis are necessary to provide emergency detection and first aids for patients with congenital disease.
  3. Information management: Information regarding health such as medication, therapy, and advices for patients should be distributed through the value chain.
  4. Cross-organization integration: The integration of hospital information systems (HISs) shall be extended to patient homes and other hospital chains.

I am interested in investigating the domain healthcare because there are many devices introduced to monitor the health but the devices are too costly and because of this these devices are not used by many people. This challengng situation helps me to investigate in healthcare.

Apart from my interest there are many applications in IOT. They are:

  • Home: In this connecting to home with a device used by us and monitor different appliances in home.
  • Smart cities: People making interactions with cities through devices and make easier to travel and helps in development of cities.
  • Environment: Monitoring environment using devices and based on data we have and we can avoid hazards and useful in development of habitat.
  • Energy:  Conservation of energy and development of smart appliances to conserve energy  is done by the data we have.
  • Retail: Development of devices and technology which is used to improve customer experience and make easy to customers.
  • Logistics: Travelling without concern about baggage and monitoring the orders you placed. This done development of technology such as RFID’s etc for tracking.
  • Agriculture: In agriculture technology is used to monitor the area and this helps in good yielding from area.
  • Industry: In industries devices are developed to increase the conditions and help in better output.

We can understand in every field there is use of IOT and this helps as driving force of people to investigate in IOT.